Introduction to Programming Language | Various Types of Programming Language | Computer Science Technology

Introduction to Programming Language | Various Types of Programming Language | Computer Science Technology

Introduction of Programming Language

Introduction to Programming

Every year millions of students computer scientists are made in all over world. Although a computer scientist does not just do programming, but programming is a very important part of computer science.  

Therefore, as a beginning programmer, it is very important for you to understand the concept of programming and its related components properly.

There are so many programmers who are doing programming but they do not know the concept behind programming.  Let's try to know about it.

In simple words, programming is a process in which a programmer instructs the CPU (Central Processing Unit) to perform a task. This task can be anything like adding two numbers etc.

Programming takes a holistic look consisting of some components.

✓ Programming Language

✓ Compiler and Interpreter

✓  Programmer

These components are being described in detail below.

Programming Language

Whenever humans interact, they do so through a language. With a CPU, you also communicate through language.  

The language that programmers use to talk to the CPU is called programming language.

By the way, the CPU only understands binary language.  But it is impossible for any human to do programming in binary language.

Therefore, such programming languages ​​were created which are in simple English so that any human can easily do programming.

Doing this made programming much easier.  Now as you can see, everyone can learn to do programming by getting basic information.  But earlier this was not possible.

Types of Programming Languages

More than 256 programming languages ​​have been developed so far.  Every language has been developed for a different purpose. 

Various Types of Programming Language

According to Purpose, programming languages ​​are mainly divided into 5 categories.

• (1) Machine Language / Machine Code

This is the code that CPU directly executes.  Machine code is in hexadecimal.  It is very close to the hardware.  It is also called low level language.

• (2) Assembly language

Assembly language was created to make the machine code even more readable. Labels have been added to it, which makes it even easier to perform tasks.  It is also a low level language.

• (3) High Level Language 

High level languages ​​are independent of hardware such as C, C ++, and java etc. The code of these languages ​​is not directly converted to machine code.

• (4) System Language 

This type of languages ​​is used to manage a computer. They are used to perform low level tasks. Such as memory management, process management etc.

• (5) Scripting Languages ​​

This type of languages ​​acts as a bridge between the system and other applications.  Such as PHP etc.

Common Programming Languages

Here is a list of some programming languages.  You may have heard about some of these before.

• ✓ C language

• ✓ C ++

• ✓ Java

• ✓ C #

• ✓ PHP

• ✓ Python

• ✓ Java script

• ✓ Pascal

• ✓ Visual basic

• ✓ Fortran

Let us now try to know what are compiler and interpreter.

Compiler and Interpreter

As I told you, the computer only understands binary language and it is very difficult to program human into binary.  

So a program was developed that could take instructions from programmers in the form of simple English statements and convert it to binary and pass it to the CPU. This program is called compiler.

The compiler acts like a bridge between a programmer and a CPU. You can also call it translator. A compiler performs many tasks, these are being given below.

• ✓ Compiler syntax error checks. If a syntax error occurs, the programmer is notified about it. 

• ✓ Converts compiler source code to machine language.

• ✓ The compiler generates a machine executable file.

Let us now try to find out about the interpreter.

Some languages ​​use interpreter instead of compiler. Both compiler and interpreter do the same thing. The only difference is that the compiler generates machine code by compiling the entire source code together which can be completely executed at once.  

Whereas an interpreter converts the instructions into machine code and executes simultaneously.  Languages ​​uses compiler and interpreter according to your requirement.

Programmer

In the initial days people used to do programming due to interest but now it has taken the form of a job.  

A programmer is a person who has knowledge of a programming language.  

A programmer uses his knowledge to solve the real world problem with the help of programming language.

What is a Computer ?

What is a Computer?

Computers have become an important part of our lives.  It is used daily from school to office fees.  And computers are also being used a lot in homes to handle daily tasks.

So we all have to make computers better.  Only then can we properly use these electronic devices.

Apart from this, important questions related to computers are also asked in the competition.  Because of this, a basic understanding of computers is necessary.

Keeping all that in mind, we have prepared this article, in which you are giving complete information about the computer.

For the convenience of the study, we have divided this article into the following sections.

• What is Computer?

• What is the definition of computer?

• What is the full form of computer?

• Types of Computer

• Introduction of Computer

What is Computer?

Hundreds of thoughts come to mind as soon
as we hear the name of computer.  Because a computer can do hundreds of activities alone. 

In words, buying a computer is a bit difficult.  This is because everyone uses a computer for various tasks.

There is also a general perception about it Computer or computer is an English word.  The computer means "computed".  This means that computer is one type of calculator.

Although it would be wrong to call a computer a connecting machine.  Because with a computer connection, hundreds of different tasks.

If you ask a writer / typist what is a computer?  So he says that computer is a kind of machine.  Similarly, if we ask a child to play a game, he can say that a computer is a game machine.

If you ask the computer operator, it will try to define the machine in terms of handling step.

So we can say that computer cannot be built in a sense.  The meaning of computer varies depending on each person's usage.

Whatever computer means, we have tried to define a computer for you. You cannot consider this computer as the standard definition of a computer.  Because the meaning of computer also depends on the task.

What is the definition of computer?

"A computer is a machine that gives some instructions. To say more, a computer is an electronic device that accepts and processes data using an input device and provides data as output using an output device."

It is clear from this definition that the computer takes some user instructions which are recorded with the help of various input devices.

Those instructions are then processed, and finally the results are based on the instructions, which are displayed with the help of the output tool.

Instructions contain many types of data.  You liked numbers, letters, and shapes according to this data.

If the computer is given the wrong data, the computer will also give the wrong result.  This means that the computer is working on GIGO -  Garbage In Garbage Out.

What is the Full form of Computer?

• C - Commonly
• O - Operated
• M- Machine
• P - Particularly
• U - Used for
• T - Technology
• E - Education and
• R - Research

Different types of computers

There are mainly three types of computers.  You can find more information about them in computer type lessons.

✓ According to application

✓ According to the purpose of the experiment

✓ According to size

Introduction of Computer

Computer cannot work alone.  A computer uses a variety of tools and programs to perform tasks.

These computer devices and programs are known as 'hardware and software software' respectively.

Now we get information about different parts of computer:

Various Parts of Computer

• 1. System unit

A system unit is a box containing the necessary equipment to work with a computer.  The CPU is installed on the system unit.

It has equipment like mother board, processor etc.  Which enables the computer.  It is also called Case.

• 2. Monitor

A monitor is an output device that shows the results of instructions given by you.  It is like TV.  Currently LCD and LED have been replaced by monitors.

• 3. The keyboard

Keyboard input tools are used to direct us to a computer.  With its help, the computer is provided with the desired data and instructions.

It consists of various types of keys, through which data and instructions are sent to the computer.

• 4. Mouse

The mouse is also an input tool that is used to instruct a computer.  We select the program available on this computer.

• 5. Speakers

Speakers are output devices that help us hear sounds from a computer.  Through this we listen to the sounds available in songs, movies, programs and games.